Flight Delay Compensation in Canada: Know Your Rights

Thomas Busson -

Flight delays can be an inconvenience for travelers. Whether you are heading to a business meeting or planning a vacation, a delayed flight can disrupt your plans and cause frustration. However, it is essential to know that you have rights as a passenger when it comes to flight delay compensation in Canada. Understanding these rights can help you navigate the process and ensure that you receive the compensation you deserve.

Understanding Flight Delay Compensation

Flight delay compensation is a form of financial compensation that airlines are required to provide to passengers when their flights are delayed for certain reasons. These compensation rights are established by various regulations and laws, which vary by country. In Canada, flight delay compensation is governed by the Canadian Transportation Agency (CTA).

The Basics of Flight Delay Compensation

Flight delay compensation in Canada applies to flights that depart from or arrive at a Canadian airport. To be eligible for compensation, the delay must meet specific criteria, such as the length of the delay and the reason behind it. The compensation amount is determined based on the distance traveled and the length of the delay.

According to the Air Passenger Protection, here’s a handy summary of how much flight delay compensation you can get for 3 hours or more for a disruption within their control and not related to safety.

"Large airlines (airlines that have carried more than two million passengers in the two last preceding years) must pay :

  • $400 if the passenger arrives three or more hours late, but less than six hours
  • $700 if the passenger arrives six or more hours late, but less than nine hours
  • $1,000 if the passenger arrives nine or more hours late"

"Small airlines (airlines that have carried less than two million passengers in the two last preceding years) must pay :

  • $125 if the passenger arrives three or more hours late, but less than six hours
  • $250 if the passenger arrives six or more hours late, but less than nine hours
  • $500 if the passenger arrives nine or more hours late."

You have one year to make the compensation claim and the airline has 30 days to respond (APPR).

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Did you know that a court has ruled that it’s the time the plane’s door was open that determines the arrival time at your final destination, when determining the length of the delay?
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The legal framework for flight delay compensation in Canada is outlined in the Air Passenger Protection Regulations (APPR). These regulations establish the rights and obligations of both passengers and airlines in the event of flight delays.

Under the APPR, passengers are entitled to compensation if their flight is delayed for reasons within the airline's control, such as mechanical issues or crew scheduling problems. The compensation amount varies depending on the length of the delay and the distance traveled. For example, if a flight is delayed for more than three hours and the distance traveled is between 1,500 and 3,500 kilometers, passengers are entitled to receive $400 in compensation.

However, it's important to note that not all flight delays are eligible for compensation. Delays caused by factors outside the airline's control, such as severe weather conditions or air traffic control restrictions, may not qualify for compensation. In these cases, airlines are still required to provide assistance to passengers, such as meals, accommodations, and alternate transportation options.

In addition to compensation for flight delays, the APPR also covers other passenger rights, such as compensation for denied boarding, lost or damaged baggage, and tarmac delays. These regulations aim to protect the rights of air travelers and ensure that they are fairly compensated for any inconvenience or financial loss caused by airline delays or mishandling of baggage.

Eligibility for Flight Delay Compensation

Not all flight delays are eligible for compensation. To determine your eligibility, you need to understand the criteria set by the Canadian Transportation Agency (CTA).


The CTA has established specific criteria for compensation in cases of flight delays. According to the Air Passenger Protection Regulations (APPR), you may be entitled to compensation if your flight is delayed for reasons within the airline's control. These reasons can include maintenance issues, crew availability problems, or scheduling errors. The length of the delay also plays a role in determining eligibility.

Let's delve deeper into the criteria for compensation. If your flight is delayed due to maintenance issues, it means that the airline could have prevented the delay by properly maintaining their aircraft. Similarly, if the delay is caused by crew availability problems, it implies that the airline did not have enough staff members to operate the flight on time. In the case of scheduling errors, the airline failed to plan and manage their flights efficiently, resulting in delays.

However, it's important to note that there are exceptions and exclusions to consider. Certain events beyond the airline's control, such as severe weather conditions or air traffic control restrictions, may exempt them from providing compensation. These external factors can significantly impact flight operations and make it impossible for the airline to adhere to the original schedule. Additionally, if the delay is a result of extraordinary circumstances, such as political unrest or natural disasters, compensation may not be applicable. Furthermore, if the passenger has been informed of the delay well in advance, compensation may not be provided as the airline has fulfilled their obligation of notifying passengers in a timely manner.

Understanding the eligibility criteria and exceptions for flight delay compensation is crucial when seeking reimbursement for the inconvenience caused. By familiarizing yourself with these regulations, you can better navigate the process and ensure that your rights as a passenger are protected.

How to Claim Flight Delay Compensation

If you believe you are eligible for flight delay compensation, it is crucial to understand the necessary steps to file a claim.

Flight delays can be frustrating and inconvenient, but knowing your rights as a passenger can help you navigate the claims process with confidence. In this guide, we will provide you with detailed information on how to claim flight delay compensation and increase your chances of a successful outcome.

Steps to File a Claim

To initiate the claims process, you should contact the airline directly. This can usually be done through their customer service department or by filling out an online form on their website. Provide them with details about your flight, including the date, time, and reason for the delay. It's advisable to keep copies of any documentation, such as boarding passes or emails, that support your claim.

Once you have submitted your claim, the airline will review the information provided and assess whether you are eligible for compensation. This process may take some time, so it's important to be patient and follow up with the airline if necessary.

Necessary Documentation for a Successful Claim

When filing a claim, having the right documentation can greatly increase your chances of a successful outcome. Make sure to collect all relevant information related to your flight, including booking confirmations, receipts for any additional expenses incurred due to the delay, and any communication exchanges with the airline.

It's also important to note that different airlines may have varying requirements for documentation, so it's essential to familiarize yourself with their specific policies. Some airlines may require you to fill out a specific claim form, while others may accept email correspondence as evidence. By being well-prepared and organized, you can ensure that your claim is supported by the necessary documentation.

Airlines' Responsibilities and Obligations

While flight delays can be frustrating for passengers, airlines have certain responsibilities and obligations to ensure your well-being during these situations.


When it comes to flight delays, airlines have a duty of care towards you as a passenger. This means that they need to provide you with the necessary assistance and support, such as meals, refreshments, and accommodation if required. The level of assistance may vary depending on the length of the delay.

Imagine you're stuck at the airport due to a flight delay. The airline understands that you may be hungry and tired, so they make sure to offer you a variety of meal options to choose from. Whether you're a vegetarian or have specific dietary restrictions, they cater to your needs. Additionally, they provide you with refreshments to keep you hydrated and comfortable during the wait. If the delay extends overnight, the airline takes the responsibility of arranging accommodation for you, ensuring that you have a comfortable place to rest.

Airlines' Duty of Care

During a flight delay, the airline's duty of care extends beyond just providing you with basic necessities. They also take into consideration your emotional well-being. Understanding that delays can be stressful, they have dedicated staff members who are trained to handle such situations with empathy and professionalism. These staff members are there to listen to your concerns, answer your questions, and provide reassurance. They understand that your comfort and peace of mind are essential.

Communication Obligations of Airlines

Airlines not only have a duty of care towards passengers during flight delays but also have communication obligations. They understand that being kept in the dark about your flight status can be frustrating and anxiety-inducing. Therefore, they make it a priority to keep you informed about the delay and any developments regarding your flight. They provide regular updates through various channels, such as announcements at the airport, text messages, or emails. They ensure that you are aware of your rights and options for compensation, should the delay result in any inconvenience or additional expenses for you.

Moreover, airlines go the extra mile to make sure you are well-informed about alternative travel arrangements. If the delay is significant and there are options for rebooking or rerouting, they guide you through the process, explaining the available choices and assisting you in making the best decision for your travel plans.

If you encounter difficulties in resolving your claim with the airline or if you are unsatisfied with the compensation offered, there are further options available to you.

Mediation and Arbitration Options

In some cases, mediation or arbitration can be helpful in resolving disputes related to flight delay compensation. These methods involve an impartial third party who can assist in reaching a mutually agreed-upon resolution.

If no resolution is reached through mediation or arbitration, you have the option to pursue legal action against the airline. Consulting a lawyer specializing in aviation law can provide you with guidance and support in navigating this process.

In conclusion, understanding your rights regarding flight delay compensation in Canada is crucial. Familiarize yourself with the eligibility criteria, necessary documentation, and the responsibilities of airlines. By being aware of these factors, you can confidently assert your rights and seek fair compensation for the inconvenience caused by flight delays.

Ready to Claim Your Flight Delay Compensation?

If you've experienced a flight delay and are unsure about your eligibility for compensation, let ClaimCompass take the helm. Our expertise in EU Regulation 261/2004 allows us to quickly determine if you're entitled to up to 600€ in compensation. With our hassle-free compensation calculator, you can check your eligibility for free and find out the exact amount you could claim. We manage the entire process on your behalf—from submitting the claim to dealing with the airline, and even taking legal action if necessary. Remember, our service is risk-free; you pay nothing unless we successfully secure your compensation, at which point we retain a 35% commission (incl. VAT). Don't let airline delays set you back. Submit a claim with ClaimCompass today and let us champion your air passenger rights.

Can you get compensation for a delayed flight in Canada?

Yes, they do. To be eligible, however, the airline must be responsible for the delay. The compensation will take into consideration the length of the delay and if it's considered a small or large airline.

If the flight was disrupted because of extraordinary circumstances, such as air traffic control restrictions, adverse weather conditions, or security risks at the airport, then the airline is not obligated to compensate passengers.

How late does a flight have to be delayed to get compensation?

You need to arrive at your final destination at least 3 hours late to claim a compensation for your delayed flight.

Note that it's the delay at arrival that matters (not the delay at departure): for example, if your flight departed 3h15 late, but caught up on the delay during the flight and arrived "only" 2h58 late, then you are not eligible to a compensation. 

If your journey includes a connection and the first flight is delayed but you still arrive at your final destination less than 3 hours late, you are not entitled to a compensation either. 

Does Air Canada refund delayed flights over 2 hours?

Air Canada doesn't have a specific policy for refunding delayed flights over 2 hours. However, the airline may offer compensation or assistance based on their policies and the circumstances of the delay.

Passengers should review Air Canada's terms and conditions and may also be eligible for compensation through travel insurance.

Overall, while Air Canada may provide assistance or compensation for delayed flights, details may vary, and passengers should contact the airline directly for clarification.

How does a Compensation Calculator for flight delays work?

All you need to do is input the details of your delayed flight.

This includes:

  • your airport of departure and arrival (as well as any other stop if you had connecting flights)
  • the nature of the disruption (in your case, flight delay) along with the reason for the flight delay
  • the length of the delay at your final destination (whether it's less or more than 3 hours)
  • the airline which operated the flight(s), with the flight(s) number(s) and date(s)

Based on this, the Calculator will tell you whether you're eligible to a compensation for flight delay or not.

How do I make a claim for a delayed flight?

This is where a Flight Delay Compensation Calculator will come in handy. It lets you fill out your flight details and a couple of additional info in a few simple steps. In less than 3 minutes, you'll know

1) if you're entitled to compensation and

2) how much you're entitled to.

If you want to do it yourself, you'll need to write a letter (or email) to the airline explaining why you're entitled to compensation. Make sure to include a copy of your travel documents, because the airline will ask for them. It's possible, lay, likely, that the airline will deny compensation. If that's the case, be sure to quote the relevant paragraphs oof the law to justify why you are within your right to claim compensation.